Academic Regalia
Participants in the ceremony donned traditional academic dress that dates back to the 12th and 13th centuries, when universities were
formed. Scholars then wore simple robes with hoods, which eventually gave way to more colorful and varied attire. By the 19th century, universities in the United States standardized the practice of trimming hoods with color, designating disciplines with specific hues. Red, a traditional color of the church, for example, signifies theology. Green, the color of medieval herbs, represents medicine. Golden yellow was assigned to the sciences, symbolizing the "wealth which scientific research has produced," according to American Universities and Colleges, which lists 27 colors, such as sage green (physical education), purple (law), drab (accountancy and business), light blue (education), dark blue (philosophy), and pink (music), for various disciplines. The robes of American scholars typically are black, unlike their European peers. The style of the hood and the cut of the gown reflect the highest degree earned by the wearer. In addition to the velvet edging, hoods are lined in the colors of the institution.